CHECK-UP:I've noticed that my toe nails have become very thick and difficult to cut with a clippers or scissors. They're very unsightly and I have to wear nail polish all the time to disguise their yellow colour. What's wrong with them?
Fungal nail infection - or onychomycosis - is a very common condition. It is estimated that it affects up to 10 per cent of adults, particularly those over 60. It is more often experienced by those with other skin or nail conditions, such as psoriasis or athlete's foot, and in those with peripheral vascular disease, diabetes and those who smoke.
Fungal infection of the nails usually presents with discolouration and thickening. Changes in the shape of the nail and crumbling, yellow debris may be present under the nail itself.
In severe cases, the nail bed can become fragile, causing deformity of the nail with associated pain. Diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory examination of a sample of the nail and debris and should ideally be done prior to commencement of treatment.
What can I do about my nails?
The nails should be kept short and filed down if very thick.
Shoes should be well fitting and you should pay special attention to good foot hygiene. It's a good idea to wear protective socks or sandals while using public showers and swimming pools.
Painting your toe nails is not recommended, as it prevents the nails from breathing and can make the condition worse.
What about other treatments? Is there anything that can be prescribed to cure the infection?
Drug treatment of fungal nail infections includes oral antifungal medications and topical treatments in the form of paints or lacquers. For superficial nail infections, a topical preparation alone may be recommended, but treatment may be protracted.
Oral treatment may be required for up to six months and may produce adverse side effects, including liver problems, tummy upset and skin rashes.
Surgical removal of the nail may be undertaken; however, complete cure of fungal nail infections is not guaranteed.