Apple shareholders have rejected demands that the company disclose a succession plan for chief Steve Jobs, and the company kept quiet on how many had backed that proposal.

The reluctance to reveal details of the vote on a proposal by the Central Laborers' Pension Fund raised speculation that a sizable contingent of shareholders may have supported it, and prompted an affiliated group to push for more disclosure.

"It appears likely that a large number of long-term, institutional shareholders voted in its favour," the Laborers' International Union of North America said in a statement following the meeting.

The fate of Apple, among the world's most powerful technology companies, is tied to how the iPhone and iPad maker handles the eventual departure of its iconic co-founder and leader. Mr Jobs in January took a third medical leave for unknown reasons, with many not expecting him to return to lead the company he founded in 1976.

But, in a rare show of activism for a group of investors often content with Apple's growth and share price, shareholders approved a proposal giving them a bigger say in appointing directors - against the company's recommendation they reject the proposal. About 74 per cent of votes cast favoured a proposal by Calpers that unopposed candidates for the company's board receive a majority of votes to win election, according to the fund.

The vote provided one of the few moments of drama at an event not attended by Jobs, who is out on indefinite medical leave.

Tim Cook, Mr Jobs' top lieutenant, took the spotlight instead, fielding questions on topics from Apple's $60 billion cash pile to growing competition from the likes of Google in mobile and revenue-sharing on the iPad.

Mr Cook presented a predictably rosy snapshot of Apple and its fortunes, noting opportunities in smartphone, tablet and PC markets and the untapped potential among business customers.

Apple shares ended 1.2 per cent higher at $342.62 on Nasdaq.

Calpers, the largest US pension fund, is calling on 58 companies to adopt majority rather than plurality voting which allows unopposed directors to be elected easily. The $226 billion fund painted the result as a victory for transparency and investor interests.

"It was very important that shareowners spoke, and spoke with conviction," Calpers senior portfolio manager Anne Simpson said after the vote. "The message was loud and clear."

Even with Mr Jobs sidelined, shareholders voted down a proposal to outline a plan for who will succeed the visionary chief. And not one shareholder asked about Mr Jobs or his health, in an apparent sign of their growing confidence in the executive bench.

"I'm very impressed by Tim Cook," said Kirk DeBernardi, who has owned Apple shares for nearly a decade. "Shareholders come in with a certain amount of respect for Steve Jobs, that's why they don't come in and batter management with questions."

Influential investor advisory firm Institutional Shareholder Services had thrown its weight behind a shareholder proposal to force Apple to disclose a succession plan.

"At least in the near term investors have nothing to gripe about. Despite overhang about the succession plan, it's performed in line with the market," said Rodman & Renshaw analyst Ashok Kumar. "If the stock underperformed, then I think institutions can force the hand of management or the board, but in this case ... they have very little bargaining power."

Some investors have urged the company to make better use of its cash, whether via buybacks or dividends.

Chief financial officer Peter Oppenheimer told shareholders that Apple wants to retain its cash so that it can "very quickly take advantage of a strategic opportunity that would come along. And we're constantly keeping our eyes open."

Mr Jobs remains on the minds of many people. He announced in January he would step away from the helm on medical leave, though he remains involved in strategic decision-making.

His absence comes at a crucial time. Apple is engaged in a battle in the smartphone market with Google, whose Android operating system was installed on more devices than Apple's for the first time in 2010.

But Apple's destiny has been closely tied to Mr Jobs, who rescued the computer maker from near-death in 1996 after a 12-year absence from the company he co-founded.

Mr Cook, an operations expert, is steering the company for the third time in seven years. He is considered the heir apparent at Apple. The company dominates the fledgling tablet computer market it helped create with the iPad.

But it will confront a number of challenges this year.

Apple sent invitations to a special event on March 2nd. The company is widely expected to introduce a new, thinner iPad at the event. The company will also launch the fifth iteration of its popular iPhone as rivals from Motorola Mobility to Samsung Electronics apply pressure.

Reuters