Hamas, in an unusual move that seems unlikely to herald a change in tactics by the militant group, has expressed regret for the deaths of Israeli civilians in Palestinian rocket attacks during fighting in Gaza a year ago.
Israel, where Hamas suicide bombers have killed hundreds of civilians over two decades, dismissed any apology for the three non-combatants hit by rockets from Gaza in the war as insincere.
In a report by a committee set up by Hamas to examine UN allegations of war crimes by its fighters, which was delivered to the United Nations this week, the authors said: "We regret any harm that may have befallen any Israeli civilian.
"We hope the Israeli civilians understand that their government's continued attacks on us were the key issue and the cause," added the report.
In response, Israeli Foreign Ministry spokesman Yigal Palmor said: "For years Hamas has boasted about deliberately targeting civilians, either through suicide bombings, by gunfire or by rockets. Who are they trying to fool now?"
At least one senior Hamas official, who declined to be named, said the movement remained ready to conduct "martyrdom operations" - suicide bombings of Israeli buses, cafes and other targets, which have not, however, been seen for several years. Over 500 Israelis were killed in suicide bombings during a Palestinian uprising from 2000.
The report, after listing Palestinian grievances such as the Israeli embargo on Gaza, reaffirmed comments by Hamas officials that its improvised rockets were fired purely defensively and were aimed at Israeli military targets. They simply lacked the necessary accuracy, Hamas said.
"It should be noted that the Palestinian resistance ... is not an organised army that possesses developed technological weapons," the report said. "It may target a military site or a tank position and their fire goes astray ... and hit a civilian location, despite their efforts to avoid hurting civilians."
Israel and independent rights groups say Hamas has broken the laws of war by indiscriminately firing thousands of rockets and mortars around Israeli towns, notably Sderot, close to the Gaza border in the years since the group won a parliamentary election in 2006 and seized full control in Gaza in 2007.
Some 1,400 Palestinians, including hundreds of civilians, were killed in a three-week Israeli offensive that began on December 27th, 2008. Both Hamas and Israel were urged by UN investigator Richard Goldstone in September to conduct credible inquiries into possible war crimes committed by their forces.
Both sides presented documents to the United Nations in recent days which they say showed they had conducted suitable investigations.
UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon withheld judgment yesterday on whether Israel or Hamas had indeed satisfied the terms of Mr Goldstone's report recommendations.
Israel, which has furiously rejected the Goldstone report as unbalanced, says Hamas deliberately puts Palestinian civilians in harm's way in order to shield its fighters and to exploit international pressure on Israel over civilian deaths.
Diaa al-Madhoun, a Palestinian judge who took part in drafting the report to the United Nations, said today the expression of regret conformed to what he said was Hamas's commitment to international humanitarian law. "It is part of our religion not to target civilians, women, children and the elderly, who do not take part in the aggression against us," he said, echoing language in the Hamas report.