I'm 49 and wonder should I have a mammogram. I'm a bit squeamish when it comes to hospitals and tests so can you tell me what's involved?
A mammography is an X-ray of the breast, performed to detect any abnormalities in the breast tissue. A radiographer will help position your breast on top of an X-ray plate which has an adjustable plastic cover. This is lowered on top of the breast to compress the breast tissue, allowing the maximum amount of tissue to be examined.
Two X-rays are usually taken of each breast - one from above and another from the side. Mammograms are used to detect tumours and cysts and help differentiate between benign and malignant cells.
The dose of radiation is very low and the test can be performed safely many times during your lifetime. Women of 50 to 64 in certain parts of the country have access to Breastcheck, a national breast cancer screening programme. However, a countrywide roll-out of Breastcheck is not due until next year.
The need to have a mammogram will depend on your age, family history and previous breast problems. Ask your doctor about your personal risk-profile and how often you should have the test done.
Do I have to make any preparations before having the test?
You should book the test for a time during the menstrual cycle when the breasts are likely to be less tender. It is recommended that you do not wear deodorant, lotions or talc on the day as they sometimes show up on the X-ray, making it harder to read.
Do not become alarmed if you are called back to have the test repeated - this usually means that all the breast tissue was not entirely visible on the X-ray.
I've heard the test can be painful. Is this true?
I'm not going to tell you that this is the most comfortable examination you are ever likely to have but, in all honesty, the majority of women do not find it painful.
Marion Kerr