Angina
I've been getting occasional bouts of chest pain which I've tried to convince myself is indigestion. At 47 I'm a bit overweight and a social drinker/smoker. What's the likelihood that it's angina?
Angina is the name given to a pain in the chest that arises when the heart is short of oxygen. The heart - a large muscle that pumps blood around the body - requires oxygenated blood itself.
If the heart's own supply is restricted through the coronary arteries, then it develops cramp-like pain.
The most common cause of angina is narrowing of the coronary arteries by deposits called atheroma.
Typically described as a dull, heavy discomfort, angina pain can sometimes be mistaken for indigestion.
Some sufferers describe it as a tightness or a pressure that starts in the centre of the chest and radiates up into the throat and jaw, into the back or down the left arm.
Does having angina mean I'm going to have a heart attack?
Not necessarily. Angina is a warning that the muscle of the heart is not getting enough blood.
It characteristically comes on during physical activity and fades away when the exertion ceases. It can also be brought on by emotional situations, cold weather or even after a very heavy meal. Being overweight, taking inadequate exercise and smoking increase the risk of developing angina.
High cholesterol and high blood pressure are also risk factors.
Heed the warning signs and go see your doctor to have it properly investigated.
If it's angina, what can be done about it?
Angina is usually diagnosed after a series of tests which may include an ECG done both at rest and during exercise.
If a blockage of the artery is suspected then an angiogram - a procedure where dye is injected into the heart to check for blockages - may be performed.
If blockages are found then they will be compressed (angioplasty) and a stent may be inserted to keep the artery open.
Medication to reduce cholesterol and blood pressure and blood thinners may be prescribed to prevent further problems. Nitroglycerine in spray or tablet form can help alleviate angina pain.
Would lifestyle changes make a difference?
Yes. Changes in your lifestyle will definitely help.
You need to cultivate a sensible diet, stop smoking and get regular exercise.
Stress plays a big part in the management of heart disease, so if you're feeling the strain, it's time to get your life into balance and relax a bit more.