Chechen president Akhmad Kadyrov, had been a top target of anti-Russian guerrillas since he abandoned armed separatist rebellion to seek a peace within Russia.
Mr Ahmad Kadyrov, who was killed today
Mr Kadyrov (52) bearded and thickset often wearing a traditional sheepskin hat, interrupted his studies in a Muslim university in Oman in 1991 to join the rebellion at home and rose to the key position of mufti, a respected spiritual leader.
In that position he proclaimed a jihad against Russia in 1995. The following year Russian troops withdrew from Chechnya after an agreement that ended a bloody and, for Moscow, humiliating war.
But three years later he accused rebel leaders of fostering militant Islam and switched over to the side of President Vladimir Putin, then Russian prime minister, who launched a fresh war in Chechnya in October 1999.
Mr Kadyrov, from then on "enemy of the nation number one" for the rebels, was elected regional president in October under a Kremlin peace plan and maintained a tough grip on Chechnya.
In past weeks he had been campaigning for the withdrawal of most Russian forces and handing over the formal control over Chechnya to his armed supporters.
Russian President, Mr Vladimir Putin
After siding with Russians he survived a series of assassinations, including one by a woman suicide bomber.
But he was killed in a bomb attack today in a sports stadium during celebrations marking the Soviet Union's 1945 victory over Nazi Germany.
"Kadyrov passed away on the day of our national holiday and he passed away undefeated," a solemn-looking Mr Putin told Mr Kadyrov's son Ramzan at a Kremlin meeting.
"He was a truly heroic person," Mr Putin added in televised comments. "By his activities he convincingly proved that the bandits and the people cannot be put on the same footing."
Apart from the rebels, Mr Kadyrov had many opponents among Russian nationalists, who believed he was given too much power with too little control in his home province.
Over the past few months he had encouraged a series of voluntary surrenders by the rebels, many of whom later joined his security forces.
Mr Kadyrov's opponents in Moscow suspected him of creating his own military force, overseen by Ramzan. But they also warned that his recruitment of ex-rebels exposed his entourage to rebel "moles".
Born in 1951 in the Central Asian republic of Kazakhstan, where Soviet dictator Josef Stalin had exiled the entire Chechen nation on unproven charges of collaborating with the Nazi invaders, Mr Kadyrov studied at a series of Islamic colleges.
In 1989, while Chechnya was still under Soviet rule, he set up the first Islamic institute in Russia's North Caucasus and played a prominent role in the religious revival of the independent-minded region.
In 1994 to 1995 he fought against Russian forces in rebel units until rebel leader Dzhokhar Dudayev appointed him supreme mufti.
In 1996 Mr Kadyrov took part in peace talks with Moscow, which ended in the Russian withdrawal from Chechnya. He finally broke with the rebels after they raided the southern Russian region of Dagestan in August 1999, provoking a new intervention which ended the short-lived Chechen independence.