Syria has accused Israel of distorting facts and engaging in terrorism to foil peace efforts and pursue expansionist goals.
Israel "is continuing its aggression to achieve its expansionist purposes at the expense of the Arab people in Syria, Lebanon and Palestine," Syria said in a memorandum to the United Nations.
The Syrian letter was presented in response to a complaint Israel lodged with the world body following an attack by the Lebanese guerrilla group Hizbollah which enjoys backing from Syria, the main powerbroker in Lebanon.
Tension has heightened in the past week after Hizbollah fired salvos of rockets and mortar bombs at an Israeli military post in a disputed border area last Friday. On Sunday, Hizbollah fighters fired anti-aircraft shells at Israeli aircraft that had intruded Lebanese skies. The shells killed a teenager on Israel's northern border.
On Monday, Israel threatened Syria and Hizbollah's patron Iran and said they were to blame for the group's operations. It retaliated by shelling the outskirts of several south Lebanon villages.
Sunday's Hizbollah attack resulted in the first fatality by the group since the Jewish state withdrew its forces from southern Lebanon in May 2000 after a 22-year occupation.
The United Nations responded to Sunday's violence by calling for "all governments that have influence on Hizbollah to deter it from any further actions which could increase the tension in the area". It also called on Israel to exercise restraint.
Syrian-Israeli peace talks broke down in 2000 over the future of the Golan Heights, occupied by the Jewish state since the 1967 Middle East war.