The current wintry conditions and sudden drop in temperatures pose particular dangers for elderly people. There are several precautions which will reduce the risks:
Slips and falls happen frequently in winter. Avoid going out unless necessary. If you do, walk carefully on ice and snow. Try and have someone to link arms with you. Fractures of the wrist and hip are common in slippery weather.
Avoid over-exertion. Cold weather puts an additional strain on the heart. Be particularly careful about unaccustomed exercise, such as pushing a car or clearing snow.
Stay indoors. Dress warmly and eat regularly.
Make sure you have a back-up supply of heating fuel. A gas heater or a coal fire are safe emergency options if used with care in the event of a power cut interrupting the usual source of heat.
Do not be afraid to ask neighbours to get food supplies for you. Tinned food is handy if you cannot get out for a few days.
Hypothermia is a particular risk for the elderly during a cold snap. It occurs when the body temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit. Older adults can develop hypothermia in temperatures which produce only discomfort in younger people.
Keep an eye on elderly relatives and neighbours. Watch for shivering, problems with walking, confusion and unusual apathy or lack of interest. All of these are signs of hypothermia.
If you believe someone is suffering hypothermia, call for professional help immediately. Make sure the person's clothing is dry and wrap them in blankets, towels and scarves until help arrives.
Never give alcohol to someone with signs of hypothermia. It can slow the heart and exacerbate the effects of the cold.